(d)++Making+Proteins+(Q+14-19)


 * (14) What is a triplet?**

A triplet, also known under the name of codon, is a three-based sequence that forms the messenger RNA (MRNA) transcript. Each gene carries coded instructions (each triplet being made up of three DNA bases, or also known as nucleotides) that allow the production of certain proteins, all of which are transferred by the MRNA to the ribosomes – the protein synthesizing part of the cell. These triplets then determine which amino acids are made, and the amino acids combine together to form protein. Different combinations of nucleotides therefore synthesize different amino acids and consequently, different proteins as well.



//The following video clearly explains how the triplet code is used, and why it is used :// media type="custom" key="18937206"

**(15) What does each triplet code for?** A triplet instructs the cell to build one particular amino acid into a protein.

**(16) Can DNA leave the nucleus?** DNA cannot leave the nucleus of a cell, however DNA can be transcribed into mRNA, which is able to leave the nucleus. This is because DNA is too large of a molecule. RNA is a single stranded molecule whereas DNA is a double helix molecule, so RNA can exit the nucleus via the pore in the nuclear membrane.

__**Diagram: Where does it all take place ?**__ //(How do)//



The message on the DNA is copied onto Messenger RNA (mRNA). The mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome. Inside the ribosome the message on the mRNA is read and a protein is built.

**Building proteins is like making a cake:** -The recipe book is the DNA which has all of the instructions for making the cake/proteins. -The recipe book is photocopied by the messenger RNA (mRNA) and carried to the cytomplasm or endoplasmic reticulum which is the kitchen. -The cake mixture and ingredients are the amino acids. -The baker is the ribosomes and the transfer RNA molecules //(How Stuff).//

**(19) How fast can this process occur?** It takes about 10 seconds to code one hemoglobin molecule (which contains 600 molecules)

The process of DNA turned into RNA is known as Transcription ( [|see animation here] ) and the process of RNA turned into Protein is known as Translation ( [|see animation here] ).

Here is a great video which will help you to understand this topic more //(From)!// media type="youtube" key="NJxobgkPEAo" height="315" width="420"

__**Works Cited:**__ //From RNA to Protein Synthesis//. //YouTube//. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 May 2012. [].

//How do genes direct the production of proteins?// N.d. //Genetics Home Reference//. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 May 2012. [].

//How Stuff Works//. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 May 2012. [].